Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
type: channel
description: "Elita.uz" - bu O'zbekistonda 2021-yildan beri faoliyat yuritayotgan elektron ilmiy jurnal hisoblanadi. Jurnal oyiga 2 marta chop etiladi. "Elita.uz" jurnali quyidagi ixtisosliklar bo'yicha ilmiy maqolalarni chop etish uchun mo'ljallangan: - 12.00.00 - "Yurisprudensiya" - 05.00.00 - "Texnika fanlari" - 07.00.00 - "Tarix fanlari" - 08.00.00 - "Iqtisodiyot fanlari" - 09.00.00 - "Falsafa fanlari" - 10.00.00 - "Filologiya fanlari" - 13.00.00 - "Pedagogika fanlari" - 19.00.00 - "Psixologiya fanlari" Ushbu ixtisosliklar bo'yicha tayyorlangan ilmiy tadqiqot natijalari "Elita.uz" jurnalida e'lon qilinishi mumkin. Jurnal ko'p tilli bo'lib, unda o'zbek, rus va ingliz tillaridagi maqolalar chop etiladi. Bu esa xalqaro hamkorlikni rivojlantirish va ilmiy yutuqlarni keng doirada targ'ib qilishga yordam beradi. "Elita.uz" elektron jurnali O'zbekistonda yurisprudensiya, texnika, tarix, iqtisodiyot, falsafa, filologiya, pedagogika va psixologiya sohalarida ilmiy tadqiqotlarni rivojlantirishga qaratilgan muhim nashrlardan biri hisoblanadi. Google Scholar "Elita.uz" jurnali Google Scholar bazasida indekslanadi. Bu esa jurnalning ilmiy nufuzini oshirish va mualliflarning ilmiy ishlarini keng miqyosda targ'ib qilishga yordam beradi. Google Scholar orqali tadqiqotchilar va olimlar "Elita.uz" jurnalida chop etilgan maqolalarni qidirib topish va ularga havola berish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lishadi.
publisher: Elita.uz
language: uz-UZ
publication name: Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
items: BANK KARTALARI ORQALI FIRIBGARLIK: KRIMINOLOGIK TAHLIL (O‘ZBEKISTON MISOLIDA)
items: CONDITIONED CIVIL LEGAL CAPACITY OF PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
items: STRENGTHENING PROSECUTORIAL OVERSIGHT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BODIES TO ENSURE THE RULE OF LAW: CHALLENGES AND DIGITAL SOLUTIONS
items: ANTIMONOPOL ORGANLARNING TASHKILIY-HUQUQIY EVOLYUTSIYASI: MA’MURIY QARORLARNING TADBIRKORLIK MUHITIGA TA’SIRI VA BOZOR MEXANIZMLARI ORQALI ADOLATLI RAQOBATNING SHAKLLANISHI
items: PERSONIFYING CORPORATIONS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AND OTHER ENTITIES AND COMMUNICATING WITH THEM
items: THEORETICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN THE FIELD OF OFFENCE PREVENTION INTO THE NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM
items: AVTOMATIK QAROR QABUL QILISHDA KONSTITUTSION CHEKLOVLAR
items: Pul shaklidagi huquqiy sanksiyalarni belgilashda mutanosiblik: tartibga solish va maʼmuriy huquqda jarima miqdorini belgilashning kompleks yondashuvi
items: HUQUQIY TA’SIR CHORALARINING MUTANOSIBLIGI: DOKTRINAL GENEZIS, QIYOSIY-HUQUQIY TAHLIL VA O‘ZBEKISTON QONUNCHILIGIDA INSTITUTSIONALIZATSIYA MODELI
items: MAKHALLA FAOLIYATINING MULKIY VA MOLIYA ASOSLARI O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASINING SO'NGGI QONUNGA YO'RIQ BERUVCHI ISLOHATLAR YORUG'LIKIDA
items: IQTISODIYOTNI TEXNOLOGIK VA INNOVATSION O‘SISH MODELIGA O‘TKAZISHDA RAQAMLI REKLAMANING HUQUQIY AHAMIYATI
items: O‘ZBEKISTONDA KORPORATIV HUQUQ VA BOSHQARUVNING RIVOJLANISH TENDENSIYALARI
items: O‘ZBEKISTONDA KORPORATIV BOSHQARUVDA ESG STANDARTLARINI JORIY ETISH ISTIQBOLLARI
items: Shaxsiy ma'lumotlarni qayta ishlashning huquqiy asoslarini takomillashtirish
items: Qonunchilik va ijtimoiy-madaniy omillarning O'zbekiston Respublikasi davlat boshqaruvi tizimidagi ayol liderligiga ta'siri
items: O'zbekistondagi institutsional investorlar: birlashtirilgan yuridik mezonga qarab
items: Elektron hukumat: huquqiy tartiboti va rivojlantirish istiqbollari
items: Start-up loyihalarga venchur investitsiyalarini jalb qilishning huquqiy mexanizmlari: O‘zbekiston tajribasi tahlili
items: SMART-KONTRAKTLARNING RAQAMLI BITIM SIFATIDA BELGILARI, TUZISH TARTIBI VA ASOSLARI
items: „Bugun yig‘ib, keyin shifrlarni ochib“ (HNDL) xalqaro javobgarlik huquqiga kvant davrda xalqaro huquqning javobgarligi uchun qanday zarba beradi
items: AI, PIRACY, AND THE DEATH OF OWNERSHIP
items: RAQAMLI HUQUQ SHAKLLANISH JARAYONIDA AXBOROT OLISH VA TARQATISHNING KONSTITUTSIYAVIY-HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
items: A "SEATLESS" ARBITRATION? RECONCILING DECENTRALIZED JUSTICE WITH THE LEX LOCI ARBITRI DOCTRINE
items: THE CHALLENGE OF 'HARVEST NOW, DECRYPT LATER' (HNDL) TO THE INTERNATIONAL LAW OF STATE RESPONSIBILITY IN THE QUANTUM ERA
items: QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW
items: ADAPTING INTERNATIONAL PROJECT FINANCE SECURITY MECHANISMS TO TRANSITIONAL CIVIL LAW JURISDICTIONS: SECURITY AGENTS, INTER-CREDITOR ARRANGEMENTS, AND ACCOUNT PLEDGES
items: Bridging International and Domestic Nuclear Safety: Addressing Regulatory Gaps in Transitioning Energy Economies
items: TA’LIM JARAYONIDA INTERAKTIV TA’LIMIY O‘YINLARDAN FOYDALANISHNING AHAMIYATI
items: ADAPTING LEGISLATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
items: MAHSULOT YETKAZIB BERISH SHARTNOMALARIDA MAJBURIYATNI BAJARMASLIK UCHUN JAVOBGARLIKNI CHEKLASH VA UNDAN OZOD BO‘LISH ASOSLARI: NAZARIY-HUQUQIY VA QIYOSIY TAHLIL

BANK KARTALARI ORQALI FIRIBGARLIK: KRIMINOLOGIK TAHLIL (O‘ZBEKISTON MISOLIDA)
type: item
description: Ushbu maqolada bank kartalari orqali sodir etilayotgan firibgarlik jinoyatlarining kriminologik xususiyatlari, sodir etilish mexanizmi, jinoyatchi va jabrlanuvchi shaxsining o‘ziga xos jihatlari, shuningdek mazkur jinoyatlarning oldini olishning huquqiy va tashkiliy mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi. O‘zbekiston Respublikasida bank kartalari orqali firibgarlikning jinoyat-huquqiy asoslari, xususan, Jinoyat kodeksining 168-moddasi, “To‘lovlar va to‘lov tizimlari to‘g‘risida”gi Qonun hamda kiberxavfsizlik sohasidagi normalar qiyosiy-huquqiy jihatdan o‘rganiladi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: bank karta
  topic: keywords
subject: firibgarlik
  topic: keywords
subject: kiberfiribgarlik
  topic: keywords
subject: kriminologik tahlil
  topic: keywords
subject: ijtimoiy muhandislik
  topic: keywords
subject: fishing
  topic: keywords
subject: OTP-kod
  topic: keywords
subject: antifrod tizimi
  topic: keywords
subject: elektron to‘lovlar
  topic: keywords
subject: raqamli dalillar
  topic: keywords
subject: bank xavfsizligi
  topic: keywords
subject: jinoyat profilaktikasi
  topic: keywords
subject: Kriminologiya
  topic: subjects
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Bank ishi
  topic: subjects
subject: Kiberxavfsizlik
  topic: subjects
subject: Kriminologiya
  topic: disciplines
subject: Huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Bank ishi
  topic: disciplines
subject: Kiberxavfsizlik
  topic: disciplines
creator: Avazbek Sayfiddinov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15

CONDITIONED CIVIL LEGAL CAPACITY OF PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES: THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE
type: item
description: Private employment agencies occupy an unusual position in civil law: they are ordinary commercial legal entities, yet the very activity for which they are created may be lawfully exercised only after the state has performed additional administrative acts, namely inclusion in a special register and, for the placement of citizens in jobs abroad, the grant of a licence. This article develops the concept of "conditioned civil legal capacity" to describe this position. Building on the classical distinction between the general and special legal capacity of legal entities and on Article 41 of the Civil Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the article argues that the capacity of a private employment agency arises at the moment of its creation but remains partially suspended: the right to perform the agency’s core statutory services is conditioned upon further juridical facts of a public-law character. The practical significance of the construct is demonstrated through the evolution of Uzbek legislation, from the Law “On Private Employment Agencies” of 2018 to Presidential Resolution No. ПҚ-367 of 2024, which entrusts overseas job placement to the private sector, and through recent enforcement practice, including licence terminations in 2026.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: private employment agency
  topic: keywords
subject: civil legal capacity
  topic: keywords
subject: special legal capacity
  topic: keywords
subject: licensing
  topic: keywords
subject: register
  topic: keywords
subject: ultra vires
  topic: keywords
subject: labor migration
  topic: keywords
subject: ILO Convention No. 181
  topic: keywords
subject: Uzbekistan
  topic: keywords
subject: Labor Law
  topic: subjects
subject: Civil Law
  topic: subjects
subject: Private Employment Agencies
  topic: subjects
subject: Law
  topic: disciplines
subject: Labor Law
  topic: disciplines
subject: Civil Law
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sherzodjon Egamberdiyev
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15

STRENGTHENING PROSECUTORIAL OVERSIGHT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION BODIES TO ENSURE THE RULE OF LAW: CHALLENGES AND DIGITAL SOLUTIONS
type: item
description: Effective prosecutorial oversight of public administration bodies is a core mechanism for sustaining the rule of law, particularly in civil law and post-Soviet legal systems where the prosecution service combines criminal prosecution with a general supervisory function. This article examines the institutional challenges confronting prosecutorial oversight and explores how digital technologies can strengthen its effectiveness. Using a comparative, document-based analysis of international rule of law indices, digital government indices, and national reform strategies, the study finds that checks on government power have weakened globally over the past decade, that prosecutorial oversight models face a persistent tension between institutional independence and accountability, and that digital transformation, when properly governed, can enhance the transparency, speed, and evidence-based character of oversight functions.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: prosecutorial oversight
  topic: keywords
subject: rule of law
  topic: keywords
subject: public administration
  topic: keywords
subject: digital government
  topic: keywords
subject: e-governance
  topic: keywords
subject: anti-corruption
  topic: keywords
subject: law
  topic: subjects
subject: public administration
  topic: subjects
subject: digital governance
  topic: subjects
subject: law
  topic: disciplines
subject: public administration
  topic: disciplines
subject: political science
  topic: disciplines
creator: Gulrukh Burkhanova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-08-05
publication date: 2026-08-05

ANTIMONOPOL ORGANLARNING TASHKILIY-HUQUQIY EVOLYUTSIYASI: MA’MURIY QARORLARNING TADBIRKORLIK MUHITIGA TA’SIRI VA BOZOR MEXANIZMLARI ORQALI ADOLATLI RAQOBATNING SHAKLLANISHI
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasida insofsiz raqobatga qarshi kurashish sohasidagi milliy qonunchilikning shakllanish va rivojlanish tendensiyalari tarixiy-huquqiy jihatdan tahlil qilingan. Muallif tomonidan 1992 yildan hozirgi kungacha bo‘lgan davr besh bosqichga bo‘lib o‘rganilgan bo‘lib, har bir bosqichda antimonopol vakolatli organning tashkiliy-huquqiy maqomi, vazifalari va vakolatlari qanday o‘zgarib borgani, shuningdek ma’muriy qarorlar va islohotlarning tadbirkorlik muhitiga hamda raqobat munosabatlariga ta’siri ko‘rsatib berilgan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: insofsiz raqobat, raqobat qonunchiligi, antimonopol organ, ma’muriy islohot, tadbirkorlik muhiti, adolatli (halol) raqobat, bozor mexanizmlari, monopoliyaga qarshi kurashish qo‘mitasi
  topic: keywords
creator: Maxsuda Tadjibayeva
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15

PERSONIFYING CORPORATIONS, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AND OTHER ENTITIES AND COMMUNICATING WITH THEM
type: item
description: In contemporary technological society, non-human entities are increasingly becoming full participants in social and legal relations. Expressions such as “makes decisions,” “responds,” and even “bears responsibility” are routinely applied to corporations, artificial intelligence (AI) systems, and information and communication technologies (ICT). This phenomenon—the personification of non-human things and communication with them—stands in tension with the subject/object (human/thing) dualism of traditional social theory. Through concepts from Bruno Latour’s Actor-Network Theory (ANT)—actant, the principle of symmetry, delegation, and hybrid—this article analyzes the conceptual foundations of personification and of communication with non-human subjects.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Bruno Latour
  topic: keywords
subject: Actor-Network Theory
  topic: keywords
subject: personification
  topic: keywords
subject: artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: legal person
  topic: keywords
subject: legal personhood
  topic: keywords
subject: electronic person
  topic: keywords
subject: non-human actants
  topic: keywords
subject: information and communication technologies
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: subjects
subject: Law
  topic: subjects
subject: Philosophy
  topic: subjects
subject: Sociology
  topic: subjects
subject: Komp'yuter fanlari
  topic: disciplines
subject: Huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Falsafa
  topic: disciplines
subject: Sotsiologiya
  topic: disciplines
creator: O‘tkirbek Xolmirzayev
creator: Dildora Muxiddinova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15

THEORETICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF IMPLEMENTING INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IN THE FIELD OF OFFENCE PREVENTION INTO THE NATIONAL LEGAL SYSTEM
type: item
description: This article analyses the concept of international standards in the field of offence prevention and the theory and practice of implementing them into national legal systems. It examines the guidelines on crime prevention adopted by the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations, the Doha and Kyoto Declarations, and the monist and dualist theories of implementation together with the methods of transformation, incorporation and reception. A comparative analysis is conducted of the national legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in particular the Law on the Prevention of Offences and the provisions of the Constitution relating to international law; the strengths and weaknesses of the national system are identified; and proposals for the further improvement of this field are developed.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: offence prevention
  topic: keywords
subject: international standard
  topic: keywords
subject: implementation
  topic: keywords
subject: transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: incorporation
  topic: keywords
subject: ECOSOC
  topic: keywords
subject: Doha Declaration
  topic: keywords
subject: Kyoto Declaration
  topic: keywords
subject: national legal system
  topic: keywords
subject: crime prevention
  topic: keywords
subject: law
  topic: subjects
subject: crime prevention
  topic: subjects
subject: international standards
  topic: subjects
subject: law
  topic: disciplines
subject: criminology
  topic: disciplines
creator: Shahboz Nusratullayev
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26

AVTOMATIK QAROR QABUL QILISHDA KONSTITUTSION CHEKLOVLAR
type: item
description: Hukumatlar endi katta qarorlarni, jumladan, kimga ijtimoiy yordam berilishini, soliqlar yig'ilishini, kim immigratsiya qilishini va kim jinoyat ishi bo'yicha javobgarlikka tortilishini avtomatlashtirilgan tizimlarga topshirishadi. Bu o'zgarish, ayniqsa, ish jarayoni, hokimiyatning bo'linishi va qonun oldida teng himoya kabi konstitutsion muammolarni keltirib chiqaradi. Ushbu maqola algoritmik boshqaruvning qanday qilib jamoat huquqini o'zgartirayotganini, odamlar emas, balki mashinalar uchun javobgarlikka tortiladigan joylarni o'rganadi. Maqola ushbu masala bo'yicha Yevropa Ittifoqining Sun'iy intellekt to'g'risidagi qonuni, GDPRning 22-moddasi, OECD printsipi va YUNESKOning axloqiy AI bo'yicha yo'riqnomalariga o'xshash xalqaro qoidalarni ko'rib chiqadi. Keyin u Hindiston va O'zbekistonda qonunlar qanday ekanligini bilish uchun yaqindan qaraydi. Ikki davlatda ham algoritmlarni javobgarlikka torta oladigan konstitutsion ramkalar mavjud, lekin hozircha, bu va'dalar haqiqiy, qonuniy kuchga ega qonunlarga aylanmagan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: algoritmik boshqaruv
  topic: keywords
subject: avtomatlashtirilgan qaror qabul qilish
  topic: keywords
subject: ish jarayoni
  topic: keywords
subject: sun'iy intellekt huquqi
  topic: keywords
subject: solishtirma konstitutsion huquq
  topic: keywords
subject: Hindiston
  topic: keywords
subject: O'zbekiston
  topic: keywords
subject: protsedural adolat
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Komp'yuter fanlari
  topic: subjects
subject: Sun'iy intellekt
  topic: subjects
subject: Konstitutsion huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Ma'muriy huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Komp'yuter fanlari
  topic: disciplines
creator: Kratika Giri
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26

Pul shaklidagi huquqiy sanksiyalarni belgilashda mutanosiblik: tartibga solish va maʼmuriy huquqda jarima miqdorini belgilashning kompleks yondashuvi
type: item
description: Ushbu maqola pul mijozi huquqiy jazolarni kalibrlash uchun birlashtirilgan metodologik standartning yo'qligini ko'rib chiqadi va yetti bosqichli tahliliy modelni taklif qiladi. Model iqtisodiy jazolash nazariyasi, proporsionallik doktrinasi va Ashworthning jazolash tekisligi kerakligi asosida ishlaydi. Solishtirma tahlil orqali maqola mavjud yondashuvlarning faqat uchta maqsadning biriga: jazolash, to'lash qobiliyati yoki g'orizontal tekislikka optimallashtirilganligini aniqladi. Maqolaning asosiy hissi kompozit proporsionallik indeksidir, bu og'irliklangan, tekshiriladigan formula bo'lib, zararga asoslangan, foyda asoslangan, jazolashga asoslangan va imkoniyatga asoslangan komponentlarni bitta chegaralangan koeffitsientga birlashtiradi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: proporsionallik printsipi
  topic: keywords
subject: administrativ jarimalar
  topic: keywords
subject: jazolash nazariyasi
  topic: keywords
subject: Bekker modeli
  topic: keywords
subject: regulativ sanksiyalar
  topic: keywords
subject: to'lash qobiliyati
  topic: keywords
subject: kunlik jarima tizimi
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Iqtisodiyot
  topic: subjects
subject: Regulativ Huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Iqtisodiy Nazariya
  topic: disciplines
creator: Murodjon Najmiddinov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25

HUQUQIY TA’SIR CHORALARINING MUTANOSIBLIGI: DOKTRINAL GENEZIS, QIYOSIY-HUQUQIY TAHLIL VA O‘ZBEKISTON QONUNCHILIGIDA INSTITUTSIONALIZATSIYA MODELI
type: item
description: Maqolada mutanosiblik prinsipi davlat hokimiyatining huquqiy ta’sir choralarini konstitutsiyaviy nazorat qilishning universal metodologik standarti sifatida tadqiq etiladi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi prinsipning doktrinal genezisi va tarkibiy elementlarini nazariy jihatdan qayta anglash, sakkiz yurisdiksiya hamda Inson huquqlari bo‘yicha Yevropa sudi amaliyotini qiyosiy tahlil qilish asosida ushbu prinsipni O‘zbekiston huquq tizimida institutsionalizatsiya qilishning konseptual modelini ishlab chiqishdan iborat.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: mutanosiblik prinsipi
  topic: keywords
subject: konstitutsiyaviy nazorat
  topic: keywords
subject: huquqiy ta’sir choralar
  topic: keywords
subject: qiyosiy tahlil
  topic: keywords
subject: institutsionalizatsiya
  topic: keywords
subject: huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: konstitutsiyaviy huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: inson huquqlari
  topic: subjects
subject: huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: siyosatshunoslik
  topic: disciplines
creator: Murodjon Najmiddinov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26

MAKHALLA FAOLIYATINING MULKIY VA MOLIYA ASOSLARI O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASINING SO'NGGI QONUNGA YO'RIQ BERUVCHI ISLOHATLAR YORUG'LIKIDA
type: item
description: O'zbeqiston Respublikasining amaldagi qonunchiligi asosida ushbu maqola fuqaroviy o'zini o'zi boshqarish organi sifatida makhallaning faoliyatining moliya asosini kompleks fuqarolik-huquqiy tahlilini taqdim etadi. Mavzuning aktualligi 2023-yil 30-aprelda o'zgartirilgan O'zbeqiston Respublikasi Konstitutsiyasining qoidalariga, 2022–2026-yillarda yangi O'zbeqiston rivojlanish strategiyasining tasdiqlanishiga, shuningdek, makhalla mulkining huquqiy rejimi va moliyalashtirish tartibini keskin o'zgartirgan bir qator ixtiyoriy huquqiy hujjatlar qabul qilinishiga bog'liq. O'rganishning maqsadi makhalla mulkining huquqiy rejimiga, uning moliya resurslarining tarkibiga va manbalariga, shuningdek ularning fuqarolik-huquqiy shakllariga dogma va normativ xarakteristika berishdir.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: makhalla
  topic: keywords
subject: fuqaroviy o'zini o'zini boshqarish organlari
  topic: keywords
subject: mulk asosi
  topic: keywords
subject: makhalla mulki
  topic: keywords
subject: Makhalla ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy muammolarni hal etish jamg'armasi
  topic: keywords
subject: fuqarolik-huquqiy status
  topic: keywords
subject: hukumatdan tashqari notijorat tashkilot
  topic: keywords
subject: moliya asosi
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Fuqarolik huquqi
  topic: subjects
subject: Mulk huquqi
  topic: subjects
subject: Huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Fuqarolik huquqi
  topic: disciplines
subject: Mulk huquqi
  topic: disciplines
creator: Tolib Rahmonov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-07-01
publication date: 2026-07-01

IQTISODIYOTNI TEXNOLOGIK VA INNOVATSION O‘SISH MODELIGA O‘TKAZISHDA RAQAMLI REKLAMANING HUQUQIY AHAMIYATI
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada Toshkent shahridagi savdo shahobchalari peshlavhalarining buzilishi bilan bog‘liq yuzaga kelgan huquqiy nizolar tahlil qilinadi. Muallif O‘zbekiston Respublikasining “Reklama to‘g‘risida”gi Qonuni, Vazirlar Mahkamasining 428-son va 104-son qarorlari hamda Toshkent shahar Kengashining “dizayn-kodi” to‘g‘risidagi qarori o‘rtasidagi tizimli ziddiyatlarni ochib beradi. Xususan, “reklamadan xoli hududlar” tushunchasining qonunchilikda aniq belgilanmaganligi, peshlavhalarning reklama obyekti sifatida baholanishi, tashqi reklamani o‘rnatganlik uchun yig‘imlar va ekspluatatsiya yig‘imlarining bir vaqtda undirilishi hamda reklama joyi pasportining yuridik kuchiga oid qarama-qarshiliklar atroflicha ko‘rib chiqilgan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: peshlavha
  topic: keywords
subject: tashqi reklama
  topic: keywords
subject: dizayn-kod
  topic: keywords
subject: normativ-huquqiy ziddiyat
  topic: keywords
subject: reklama joyi pasporti
  topic: keywords
subject: tadbirkorlik huquqlari
  topic: keywords
subject: qonun ustuvorligi
  topic: keywords
subject: huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: iqtisodiyot
  topic: subjects
subject: marketing
  topic: subjects
subject: yurisprudensiya
  topic: disciplines
subject: iqtisodiyot
  topic: disciplines
subject: tadbirkorlik
  topic: disciplines
creator: Abduxalil Tursunov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26

O‘ZBEKISTONDA KORPORATIV HUQUQ VA BOSHQARUVNING RIVOJLANISH TENDENSIYALARI
type: item
description: Ushbu maqolada O‘zbekistonda korporativ huquq va korporativ boshqaruvning shakllanishi hamda rivojlanish tendensiyalari huquqiy transplantatsiya nazariyasi nuqtayi nazaridan tahlil qilinadi. Muallif sovet huquqiy merosidan bozor munosabatlariga asoslangan xususiy huquq tizimiga o‘tish jarayonida xorijiy huquqiy institutlarning milliy huquqiy muhitga moslashtirilishi bilan bog‘liq muammolarga e’tibor qaratadi. Maqolada Fuqarolik kodeksi hamda “Mas’uliyati cheklangan va qo‘shimcha mas’uliyatli jamiyatlar to‘g‘risida”gi Qonunning shakllanish jarayoni, korporativ munosabatlarning tarixiy bosqichlari va ularning amaliy ahamiyati yoritiladi. Shuningdek, korporativ boshqaruv organlari vakolatlari, fidutsiar majburiyatlar, manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi, axborot berish majburiyati hamda javobgarlik mexanizmlaridagi tizimli kamchiliklar tahlil qilinadi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: korporativ huquq
  topic: keywords
subject: korporativ boshqaruv
  topic: keywords
subject: huquqiy transplantatsiya
  topic: keywords
subject: fidutsiar majburiyatlar
  topic: keywords
subject: manfaatlar to‘qnashuvi
  topic: keywords
subject: mas’uliyati cheklangan jamiyat
  topic: keywords
subject: huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: korporativ boshqaruv
  topic: subjects
subject: huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: tadbirkorlik boshqaruvi
  topic: disciplines
creator: Ibrohim Saidov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26

O‘ZBEKISTONDA KORPORATIV BOSHQARUVDA ESG STANDARTLARINI JORIY ETISH ISTIQBOLLARI
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada ESG (environmental, social, governance — atrof-muhit, ijtimoiy mas’uliyat va korporativ boshqaruv) standartlarining vujudga kelish tarixi, mazmun-mohiyati hamda zamonaviy korporativ boshqaruv munosabatlaridagi o‘rni korporativ huquq nuqtai nazaridan tahlil etilgan. So‘nggi yillarda O‘zbekistonda davlat va jamiyat hayotini modernizatsiyalash hamda iqtisodiyotni liberallashtirish jarayonlari korporativ-huquqiy munosabatlarning sifat jihatdan rivojlanishiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. Maqolada ESG konsepsiyasining investitsiyalarni jalb qilishdagi ahamiyati, O‘zbekistonda ushbu standartlarni joriy etishga qaratilgan davlat siyosati va so‘nggi o‘n yil ichida qabul qilingan normativ-huquqiy hujjatlar tizimli ravishda o‘rganilgan. Xalqaro va milliy tashkilotlarning hisobotlari hamda mahalliy va xorijiy olimlarning tadqiqotlari asosida ESGni huquqiy rasmiylashtirishning asosiy modellari qiyoslanib, O‘zbekiston sharoitida ESG standartlarini samarali joriy etish bo‘yicha asoslangan takliflar ishlab chiqilgan. Maqolaning asosiy xulosasi shuki, O‘zbekistonda ESG standartlarini joriy etishning muvaffaqiyati xalqaro standartlarni qabul qilish bilan emas, balki ularni milliy korporativ huquq institutlari — kuzatuv kengashi vakolatlari, direktorlar majburiyati, axborotni oshkor qilish, auditorlik tasdig‘i, investorlar huquqlari va mustaqil audit uchun javobgarlik bilan bog‘lash darajasiga bog‘liq. Shu ma’noda ESG O‘zbekistonda korporativ boshqaruvni formal hisobotdan strategik huquqiy hisobdorlik modeliga o‘tkazuvchi asosiy vosita bo‘lishi mumkin.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: ESG standartlari
  topic: keywords
subject: korporativ boshqaruv
  topic: keywords
subject: korporativ huquq
  topic: keywords
subject: barqaror rivojlanish
  topic: keywords
subject: moliyaviy va nomilayviy hisobotlar
  topic: keywords
subject: davlat ishtirokidagi korxonalar
  topic: keywords
subject: IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards
  topic: keywords
subject: investitsiya jozibadorligi
  topic: keywords
subject: fidusiar majburiyatlar
  topic: keywords
subject: manfaatdor tomonlar
  topic: keywords
creator: Bekzod Umarov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

Shaxsiy ma'lumotlarni qayta ishlashning huquqiy asoslarini takomillashtirish
type: item
description: Mazkur tadqiqot shaxsiy ma'lumotlarni qayta ishlashning huquqiy asoslarini takomillashtirish muammosiga bag'ishlangan. Raqamli texnologiyalar tez sur'atda o'sishi va kiberjinoyatchilikning kuchayishi bilan shaxsiy ma'lumotlar daxlsizligi masalasi juda dolzarblik qiladi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Shaxsiy ma'lumotlar
  topic: keywords
subject: Ma'lumotlar himoyasi
  topic: keywords
subject: Kiberjinoyatchilik
  topic: keywords
subject: Raqamli texnologiyalar
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Kompyuter fanlari
  topic: subjects
subject: Huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Kompyuter fanlari
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sarvara Najmiddinova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-06-10
publication date: 2026-06-10

Qonunchilik va ijtimoiy-madaniy omillarning O'zbekiston Respublikasi davlat boshqaruvi tizimidagi ayol liderligiga ta'siri
type: item
description: Maqola O'zbekistondagi davlat lavozimlaridagi ayollarning ko'p qirrali muammolarini tahlil qiladi. Ilmiy tadqiqot qonunchilik choralari va ijtimoiy-madaniy to'siqlar o'rtasidagi paradoksni ochib beradi, asosiy to'siq sifatida uy ishlarini teng bo'lmagan taqsimoti qolaveradi. Tahlil to'siqlarni tizimlashtiradi va ularni bartaraf etish mexanizmlarining samaradorligini baholaydi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: jinsiy tenglik
  topic: keywords
subject: ayol liderligi
  topic: keywords
subject: davlat boshqaruvi
  topic: keywords
subject: O'zbekiston
  topic: keywords
subject: saylov kvotasi
  topic: keywords
subject: haq to'lanmaydigan mehnat
  topic: keywords
subject: tashkilotchilik islohotlari
  topic: keywords
subject: jinsiy tadqiqotlar
  topic: subjects
subject: davlat boshqaruvi
  topic: subjects
subject: sotsiologiya
  topic: subjects
subject: sotsiologiya
  topic: disciplines
subject: siyosatshunoslik
  topic: disciplines
subject: jinsiy tadqiqotlar
  topic: disciplines
creator: Дильфуза Махкамова
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-06-05
publication date: 2026-06-05

O'zbekistondagi institutsional investorlar: birlashtirilgan yuridik mezonga qarab
type: item
description: Maqola O'zbekistondagi institutsional investorlar uchun yuridik mezonni shakllantirish muammosini ko'rib chiqadi. Maqolada asosiy qiyinchilik maxsus qonunlarning yo'qligida emas, balki jamoa investitsiyalari, prudensial nazorat, fiduciya xatti-harakati, korporativ boshqaruv va uzoq muddatli ichki kapital shakllanishini bog'lay oladigan yaxlit yuridik modelning yo'qligida ekanligi haqidagi asosiy argument taqdim etiladi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: institutsional investorlar
  topic: keywords
subject: O'zbekiston
  topic: keywords
subject: kapital bozori
  topic: keywords
subject: investitsiya fondlari
  topic: keywords
subject: sug'urta kompaniyalari
  topic: keywords
subject: pension kapitali
  topic: keywords
subject: fiduciya vazifalari
  topic: keywords
subject: stewardship
  topic: keywords
subject: investorlarni himoya qilish
  topic: keywords
subject: korporativ boshqaruv
  topic: keywords
subject: egalik konsentratsiyasi
  topic: keywords
subject: raqobat
  topic: keywords
subject: huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: iqtisodiyot
  topic: subjects
subject: moliya
  topic: subjects
subject: huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: iqtisodiyot
  topic: disciplines
subject: moliya
  topic: disciplines
creator: Gulyuzxon Numonjonova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-06-02
publication date: 2026-06-02

Elektron hukumat: huquqiy tartiboti va rivojlantirish istiqbollari
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada Elektron hukumat tizimining mazmun-mohiyati, uning davlat boshqaruvi samaradorligini oshirishdagi oʻrni va fundamental huquqiy asoslari tahlil qilingan. Maqolada, Oʻzbekiston Respublikasining raqamlashtirish strategiyalari xalqaro tendensiyalar va reytinglar (EGDI, GCI) kesimida koʻrib chiqiladi. Shuningdek, sohani rivojlantirishdagi huquqiy va texnologik muammolar, kiberxavfsizlik masalalari hamda istiqboldagi ustuvor yoʻnalishlar boʻyicha ilmiy-amaliy takliflar ilgari surilgan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Elektron hukumat
  topic: keywords
subject: G2C
  topic: keywords
subject: G2B
  topic: keywords
subject: G2G
  topic: keywords
subject: Raqamli Oʻzbekiston – 2030
  topic: keywords
subject: kiberxavfsizlik
  topic: keywords
subject: sun’iy intellekt
  topic: keywords
subject: EGDI reytingi
  topic: keywords
subject: qonunchilik bazasi
  topic: keywords
subject: proaktiv xizmatlar
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Axborot texnologiyalari
  topic: subjects
subject: Davlat boshqaruvi
  topic: subjects
subject: Yurisprudensiya
  topic: disciplines
subject: Kompyuter fanlari
  topic: disciplines
creator: Sayohat Ahrorova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-26
publication date: 2026-05-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 5

Start-up loyihalarga venchur investitsiyalarini jalb qilishning huquqiy mexanizmlari: O‘zbekiston tajribasi tahlili
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada O‘zbekistonda startap ekotizimining rivojlanish tendensiyalari, raqamlashtirish sohasining iqtisodiy samaradorligi va venchur moliyalashtirishning zamonaviy huquqiy mexanizmlari tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda mamlakatimiz iqtisodiyotini raqamlashtirish ko‘rsatkichlari, "O‘zbekiston – 2030" strategiyasi doirasidagi strategik maqsadlar va "President Tech Award" kabi startap loyihalarining o‘rni yoritilgan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Startap
  topic: keywords
subject: Venchur moliyalashtirish
  topic: keywords
subject: Raqamli iqtisodiyot
  topic: keywords
subject: Almashinuvchi qarz
  topic: keywords
subject: SAFE
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Iqtisodiyot
  topic: subjects
subject: Raqamlashtirish
  topic: subjects
subject: Tijorat huquqi
  topic: disciplines
subject: Moliya huquqi
  topic: disciplines
subject: Raqamli iqtisodiyot
  topic: disciplines
creator: Xamdam Atajanov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-25
publication date: 2026-05-25
starting page: 15
ending page: 24

SMART-KONTRAKTLARNING RAQAMLI BITIM SIFATIDA BELGILARI, TUZISH TARTIBI VA ASOSLARI
type: item
description: Ushbu maqolada raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida smart-kontraktlarning fuqarolik-huquqiy bitim sifatidagi belgilari, ularni tuzish modellari va amaldagi huquqiy tizim bilan integratsiyasi tahlil qilinadi. Muallif smart-kontraktlarning an’anaviy shartnoma munosabatlaridagi o‘rnini belgilashda uch xil yondashuvni ajratib ko‘rsatadi va bitimni tuzishning raqamli usullarini tizimlashtiradi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Smart-kontrakt
  topic: keywords
subject: Raqamli bitim
  topic: keywords
subject: Blokcheyn texnologiyasi
  topic: keywords
subject: Shartnoma majburiyatlari
  topic: keywords
subject: Taqsimlangan reyestr
  topic: keywords
subject: Huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Raqamli iqtisodiyot
  topic: subjects
subject: Shartnoma huquqi
  topic: subjects
subject: Fuqarolik huquqi
  topic: disciplines
subject: Raqamli huquq
  topic: disciplines
creator: Otabek Mutalov
creator: Oybek Mutalov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25

„Bugun yig‘ib, keyin shifrlarni ochib“ (HNDL) xalqaro javobgarlik huquqiga kvant davrda xalqaro huquqning javobgarligi uchun qanday zarba beradi
type: item
description: Kriptografik jihatdan muhim bo‘lgan kvant hisoblash mashinalarining paydo bo‘lishi xalqaro huquqning vaqt va moddiy me’yorlariga, xususan, „Bugun yig‘ib, keyin shifrlarni ochib“ (HNDL) deb ataladigan strategik amaliyot orqali katta zarba beradi. Ushbu maqola HNDLning kechikkan ta’sir tabiatiga mos keladigan ARSIWAning atributika va buzilish doktrinalarining mosligini o‘rganadi.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Bugun yig‘ib
  topic: keywords
subject: keyin shifrlarni ochib
  topic: keywords
subject: HNDL
  topic: keywords
subject: Davlat javobgarligi
  topic: keywords
subject: Kvant hisoblash
  topic: keywords
subject: ARSIWA
  topic: keywords
subject: Loyiha intizomi
  topic: keywords
subject: Kripto-agility
  topic: keywords
subject: Xalqaro huquq
  topic: keywords
subject: Kiber atributika
  topic: keywords
subject: Xalqaro huquq
  topic: subjects
subject: Kvant hisoblash
  topic: subjects
subject: Davlat javobgarligi
  topic: subjects
subject: Huquq
  topic: disciplines
subject: Kompyuter fanlari
  topic: disciplines
creator: Islombek Abduhakimov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025 Elita.uz - Elektron Ilmiy Jurnal
date: 2026-05-15
publication date: 2026-05-15
starting page: 1
ending page: 12

AI, PIRACY, AND THE DEATH OF OWNERSHIP
type: item
description: The rise of artificial intelligence is forcing a reckoning with the very foundations of intellectual property law. For centuries, copyright and patent regimes have relied on the premise of scarcity: that works are original, finite, and owned by identifiable creators. Yet AI systems undermine these assumptions by generating infinite outputs at negligible cost, blurring authorship, and accelerating global access to culture. This article situates the debate historically, showing how piracy—from 19th-century American publishers pirating Dickens to cassette tape sharing in the 1980s—has often been a driver of cultural dissemination rather than mere criminality. Today, in places like Uzbekistan, the reliance on “pirated” knowledge is not deviance but necessity, enabling students, entrepreneurs, and creators to participate in global knowledge economies. By analyzing contemporary legal disputes around AI training data, the EU AI Act, and U.S. copyright litigation, the paper argues that ownership is being outpaced by technological reality. Three futures are explored: subscription-based access models, reputation economies built on trust and attention, and open-source commons as global infrastructure. Ultimately, the Global South may transition into this post-ownership world more rapidly than the West, where legal and corporate systems remain anchored to outdated notions of exclusivity
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI); Copyright; Piracy; Intellectual Property; Digital Law; Global South; Uzbekistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Odilbek Iriskulov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26

RAQAMLI HUQUQ SHAKLLANISH JARAYONIDA AXBOROT OLISH VA TARQATISHNING KONSTITUTSIYAVIY-HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada raqamli transformatsiya sharoitida axborot olish va tarqatish huquqining konstitutsiyaviy-huquqiy asoslari kompleks tahlil qilinadi. Muallif ushbu huquqning doktrinal mazmunini ochib berib, uning asosiy tarkibiy elementlari — axborotni izlash, olish va erkin tarqatish komponentlari o‘zaro uzviy bog‘liqlikda yoritadi. Raqamli muhitda axborot munosabatlarining markazlashgan modeldan tarmoqlashgan modelga o‘tishi, platformalar va sun’iy intellekt algoritmlarining axborot oqimiga ta’siri natijasida yuzaga kelayotgan yangi konstitutsiyaviy-huquqiy muammolar tahlil etiladi
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Raqamli huquq, axborot erkinligi, konstitutsiyaviy muvozanat, algoritmik boshqaruv, blogerlik instituti.
  topic: keywords
creator: Sherzod Polotov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26

A "SEATLESS" ARBITRATION? RECONCILING DECENTRALIZED JUSTICE WITH THE LEX LOCI ARBITRI DOCTRINE
type: item
description: The concept of the lex loci arbitri, which tethers international arbitration to the legal framework of a specific physical jurisdiction, faces an existential challenge from the rise of decentralized and delocalized disputes. As human activity expands into "seatless" domains such as cyberspace and outer space, traditional mechanisms for dispute resolution are proving inadequate for addressing conflicts over intangible assets and cross-border digital infrastructures. This article explores the friction between the territorial nature of the lex loci arbitri and the emerging demand for "seatless" or decentralized justice systems. Drawing on recent scholarship regarding space law, cyber sovereignty, and state responsibility, this study analyzes the legal vacuum currently surrounding mission-critical disputes in non-territorial environments. The research identifies that the rigidity of current investment treaties and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) frameworks leaves significant gaps in legal protection for intangible assets, such as orbital slots and digital data. The article concludes that reconciling these paradigms requires a doctrinal overhaul, moving towards consortium-based consent mechanisms and a functional, rather than territorial, approach to jurisdiction, effectively creating a lex mercatoria for the post-territorial age.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Seatless Arbitration, Lex Loci Arbitri, Decentralized Justice, Space Law, ICSID, State Responsibility, Cyber Sovereignty, Intangible Assets
  topic: keywords
creator: Begaim Kaibyldaeva
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026
date: 2026-01-20
publication date: 2026-01-20
starting page: 13
ending page: 23

THE CHALLENGE OF 'HARVEST NOW, DECRYPT LATER' (HNDL) TO THE INTERNATIONAL LAW OF STATE RESPONSIBILITY IN THE QUANTUM ERA
type: item
description: The emergence of Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computers (CRQCs) presents a profound challenge to the temporal and material thresholds of international law, specifically through the strategic practice known as "Harvest Now, Decrypt Later" (HNDL). This adversarial model, wherein state and non-state actors exfiltrate encrypted data with the intent of decrypting it once quantum capabilities mature, creates a legal grey zone that defies the traditional application of the International Law Commission’s Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA). This article investigates the compatibility of ARSIWA’s doctrines of attribution and breach with the delayed-impact nature of HNDL. Through a doctrinal legal analysis of recent scholarship and technical forecasts regarding Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), this study identifies a critical "attributional twilight" and a disconnect between the moment of data interception and the realization of injury. The results indicate that current legal frameworks treat HNDL largely as espionage—a practice often tolerated in international relations—thereby failing to account for the catastrophic, long-tail damage of retrospective decryption. The article concludes that the principle of due diligence must be radically reinterpreted to include a "crypto-agility mandate," obligating states to preemptively transition critical infrastructure to quantum-safe standards to fulfill their international responsibilities.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: Harvest Now Decrypt Later, HNDL, State Responsibility, Quantum Computing, ARSIWA, Due Diligence, Crypto-Agility, International Law, Cyber Attribution.
  topic: keywords
creator: Islombek Abdikhakimov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2026
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 1
ending page: 12

QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES AND HUMAN RIGHTS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW
type: item
description: Quantum technologies, including computing, sensing, and communications, promise transformative advances in fields such as medicine, cryptography, and materials science, yet they also pose profound challenges to human rights under international law. The capacity of quantum computers to break widely used public-key encryption threatens the right to privacy and data protection, enabling mass surveillance and chilling effects on freedom of expression, while enhanced quantum sensing amplifies state and non-state surveillance capabilities. Conversely, these technologies can support the right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress by accelerating research and innovation, provided equitable access is ensured to avoid exacerbating global inequalities. As of November 2025, international human rights law—primarily through instruments like the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), and the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)—provides a framework for addressing these dualities, imposing obligations on states to protect rights from third-party interference and to foster scientific freedom responsibly. However, governance remains fragmented, with no dedicated treaties and reliance on soft-law initiatives from UNESCO, the UN, and OECD. This article analyzes key human rights implications, current legal gaps, and pathways toward rights-compatible governance, arguing for proactive multilateral norms to ensure quantum advances uphold dignity, privacy, and equity
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: quantum technologies, human rights, international law, right to privacy, freedom of expression, right to science, encryption, surveillance, digital divide, governance frameworks
  topic: keywords
creator: Islombek Abdikhakimov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025
date: 2025-05-13
publication date: 2025-05-13
starting page: 590
ending page: 597

ADAPTING INTERNATIONAL PROJECT FINANCE SECURITY MECHANISMS TO TRANSITIONAL CIVIL LAW JURISDICTIONS: SECURITY AGENTS, INTER-CREDITOR ARRANGEMENTS, AND ACCOUNT PLEDGES
type: item
description: Project finance involves complex security mechanisms that must be adapted to the legal frameworks of transitional civil law jurisdictions, where investor protections are often weaker and enforcement mechanisms differ from common law systems. This article examines the adaptation of key elements—security agents, inter-creditor arrangements, and account pledges—drawing on a literature review of scholarly and practitioner sources. Findings highlight the use of security agents for efficient collateral management, inter-creditor agreements to prioritize claims, and account pledges as flexible security tools, while identifying challenges like registration requirements and limited trust concepts. The discussion addresses implications for enhancing project viability in transitional contexts, emphasizing the need for harmonized legal reforms.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: project finance, civil law jurisdictions, transitional economies, security agents, inter-creditor arrangements, account pledges, secured transactions, lender protections
  topic: keywords
creator: Sanjar Ubaydullayev
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025
date: 2025-07-11
publication date: 2025-07-11

Bridging International and Domestic Nuclear Safety: Addressing Regulatory Gaps in Transitioning Energy Economies
type: item
description: Nuclear energy plays a pivotal role in the global shift toward low-carbon economies, particularly in transitioning energy economies where rapid industrialization demands reliable power sources. However, significant regulatory gaps exist between international safety standards, primarily set by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and their domestic implementation in developing countries. This article reviews these gaps using the IMRAD structure, drawing from authentic sources including IAEA reports and academic studies. Key findings highlight challenges in infrastructure, expertise, and harmonization, with strategies for bridging them through international cooperation and capacity-building. Recommendations emphasize enhanced IAEA assistance and policy reforms to ensure safe nuclear deployment.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: nuclear safety, regulatory gaps, transitioning energy economies, IAEA standards, international harmonization, developing countries, clean energy transition
  topic: keywords
creator: Bekzod Artikov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025
date: 2025-11-03
publication date: 2025-11-03

TA’LIM JARAYONIDA INTERAKTIV TA’LIMIY O‘YINLARDAN FOYDALANISHNING AHAMIYATI
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada interaktiv ta’limiy o‘yinlardan foydalanishning ahamiyati, afzalliklari haqida fikr mulohaza yuritilgan. Ta’lim jarayonida ta’limiy o‘yinlardan foydalanishning bugungi kundagi ta’lim sifati samaradorligini oshirishga qo‘shadigan hissasi va bu orqali o‘quvchilarda bir qator ko‘nikmalarni shakllantirish haqida fikr-mulohaza yuritilgan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: ta’limiy o‘yinlar, zamonaviy ta’lim, metod
  topic: keywords
creator: I.Mamadjanov
creator: I.Mamadjanova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-31
publication date: 2025-10-31
starting page: 424
ending page: 426

ADAPTING LEGISLATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
type: item
description: Climate change adaptation has emerged as an essential component of contemporary environmental governance. However, existing legal frameworks remain inadequately equipped to address the urgency and magnitude of the challenge. This study employs systematic legal analysis to examine adaptation legislation at international and national levels, drawing on primary legal instruments such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Kyoto Protocol, and the Paris Agreement, as well as national legislation and policy documents. The findings reveal three primary deficiencies: normative gaps (absence of binding standards and measurable targets), institutional weaknesses (fragmented governance structures), and implementation failures (insufficient financing and weak enforcement). Although the Paris Agreement represents progress through its global adaptation goal, international law remains largely declaratory. At the national level, adaptation legislation lacks comprehensive frameworks, institutional coherence, and dedicated financing mechanisms. Effective adaptation law is critical to advancing climate justice, safeguarding human rights, and ensuring sustainable development in the face of intensifying climate risks.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject: climate change adaptation, environmental law, climate governance, Paris Agreement, legal frameworks, climate justice
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarvarbek Abdullajonov
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-26
publication date: 2025-10-26
starting page: 34
ending page: 41

MAHSULOT YETKAZIB BERISH SHARTNOMALARIDA MAJBURIYATNI BAJARMASLIK UCHUN JAVOBGARLIKNI CHEKLASH VA UNDAN OZOD BO‘LISH ASOSLARI: NAZARIY-HUQUQIY VA QIYOSIY TAHLIL
type: item
description: Ushbu maqola bozor iqtisodiyoti sharoitida xo‘jalik yurituvchi subyektlar o‘rtasidagi eng muhim huquqiy vositalardan biri bo‘lgan mahsulot yetkazib berish shartnomalarida majburiyatlarni bajarmaslik uchun javobgarlik masalalariga bag‘ishlangan. Unda javobgarlikni cheklash va javobgarlikdan ozod bo‘lishning nazariy-huquqiy asoslari O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Fuqarolik kodeksi normalari, sud amaliyoti va xalqaro huquqiy hujjatlar (xususan, BMTning Vena Konvensiyasi va UNIDROIT Prinsiplari) bilan qiyosiy tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada fors-major, shartnomaviy cheklovlar, neustoykaning zararlar bilan nisbati va kreditorning aybi kabi institutlarning amaliy ahamiyati ochib berilgan.
subject: Maqolalar
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: mahsulot yetkazib berish shartnomasi, majburiyatni bajarmaslik, fuqarolik-huquqiy javobgarlik, javobgarlikni cheklash, javobgarlikdan ozod qilish, fors-major, yengib bo‘lmas kuch, neustoyka, zararni qoplash, Vena Konvensiyasi (CISG), UNIDROIT Prinsiplari.
creator: Oysha Axunova
rights: Mualliflik huquqi (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-26
publication date: 2025-10-26